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Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S vs. Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S

Ray-traced side by side from their optical patents for the same upper-body portrait framing: compare the Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S (2.0 m working distance, 27.8 mm pupil) against the Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S (3.4 m working distance, 47.2 mm pupil).

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Optical & Portrait Metric Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S What It Means in Practice
Upper-Body Working Distance 2.01 m 3.41 m The Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S requires 1.4 m more room behind you for the same subject size.
Effective Focal Length (Breathing) 48.6 mm (-2.9%) 83.7 mm (-1.6%) Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S frames like 48.6 mm (-2.9%) at 2.0 m; Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S frames like 83.7 mm (-1.6%) at 3.4 m.
Depth of Field (Sharp Zone) 26 cm (1.89 m – 2.15 m) 25 cm (3.29 m – 3.54 m) Both lenses deliver the exact same 26 cm sharp focus zone.
Entrance Pupil Diameter 27.8 mm (f/1.8) 47.2 mm (f/1.8) Distant background blur discs are 70% larger on the Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S.
Minimum Focus Distance 0.4 m 0.8 m Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S focuses 40 cm closer (0.4 m vs. 0.8 m) for tighter close-ups.
Patent Prescription WO2019220618A1 (13/9) JP2020-173366A (12/8) Published optical prescriptions traced in the 3D simulator above.

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Which blurs the background more, Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S or Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S?

At the same subject framing, distant background blur scales with the entrance pupil diameter (focal length ÷ f-number). Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S at f/1.8 has a 27.8 mm entrance pupil, while Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S at f/1.8 has a 47.2 mm entrance pupil.

How does working distance differ between Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S and Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S?

For an upper-body portrait, Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S stands 2.01 m from the subject (sharp zone 26 cm, from 1.89 m to 2.15 m), whereas Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S stands 3.41 m away (sharp zone 25 cm, from 3.29 m to 3.54 m).

How do the optical designs of Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S and Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S compare?

Nikon NIKKOR Z 50mm f/1.8 S uses 13 elements in 9 groups (WO2019220618A1, effective focal length 48.6 mm at portrait distance). Nikon NIKKOR Z 85mm f/1.8 S uses 12 elements in 8 groups (JP2020-173366A, effective focal length 83.7 mm).

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